After the Protestant Reformation, clergymen could marry, and increasing numbers did so out of inclination and to show they were committed to Protestantism. The Elizabethan Settlement of 1559 placed regulatory conditions on clerical behaviour, including marriage, although it was still controversial to the public and disliked by Queen Elizabeth I. Second-year UoP history student Madeleine East discusses this historical context using witness depositions from the Winchester Consistory Court, dated March 1571, relating to the marriage proposals of one Hampshire clergyman, a document that she studied for the second-year module Underworlds: Crime, Deviance & Punishment in Britain, 1500-1900 The document was made by ecclesiastical courts, which regulated moral behaviour in Early […]
Archive | Learning in Focus
Learning in Focus
Why do a history degree when you can just ask AI what happened?
This is a question that we are increasingly being asked by prospective students (and their parents!) at open days. It is certainly a valid question when AI seems to be making all sorts of people question how and why we do certain things. But it is based on a misunderstanding, or partial understanding, of what historians do and what history students are being trained to do. 1. AI can tell us WHAT happened but not WHY (or, importantly, why it matters) History is not about knowing when the Crimean War happened, or who was Prime Minister in 1957. Although knowing these types of ‘facts’ is certainly useful, this […]
The conflicted loyalties of gunmakers during the English Civil Wars and after
English Civil War royalism has often been depicted as the preserve of the elite, but this was not necessarily the case, as MRes student Natalie Lejeune found in her research into the activities of gunmakers during and after the civil wars. Prior royal service often inclined these specialist craftsmen towards the Royalists initially. After the Royalist defeat, they transferred their work to a new Republican Government prepared to tolerate their dubious loyalties in exchange for their much-needed skills. Yet their loyalties remained conflicted, with some, including female-gunmakers as well as men, secretly supplying arms to Royalist conspiracists on the side, a pattern of mixed loyalties which mirrors those in France […]
Uncovering seventeenth-century Portsmouth: the assassination of the King’s favourite
Portsmouth was strategically important in the seventeenth century, but relatively little has been written on it. For their second-year Working with the Past project a group of UoP history students tried to discover more about three key Portsmouth figures from this time. In this second post in a series, Olivia Newby writes about the infamous murder of the Duke of Buckingham on Portsmouth High Street and how it became a catalyst for political change in the 17th century. When we think of famous people relative to Portsmouth’s history, we often think of Charles Dickens and his famed nineteenth century novels.[1] What we don’t often draw attention to, is the importance […]
Alice Diamond, ‘Queen of the Terrors’ in the interwar London underworld
By Fiona McCall on November 27, 2025 in Alumni, Learning in Focus, New Publications, Research in Focus, Uncategorized
Emily Burgess, who studied for PhD in history at the University of Portsmouth, has had a paper published in Women’s History Review which is free to read here. The paper looks at press depiction of Alice Diamond, leader of the interwar Forty Thieves gang. By mythmaking, framing Diamond as an ‘Underworld Amazon’, ‘Giant’, and ‘Queen of the Terrors’, the press was able to project female gangsterism as a form of ‘internal terror’ to fuel fears over gender, post-war brutalisation and the changing interwar landscape.See a previous post about Emily’s work on London’s female gangsters here. Emily is a graduate of the University, having studied for a BA (Hons) History degree […]
Venice’s shifting relationship with their Ottoman Neighbours: between religious crusades and economic détente
Third-year UoP history student Elliott Thomas examines the surprisingly pragmatic relationship between Catholic Venice and the Islamic Ottoman Empire, which caused the Venetians first to fight against the Ottomans at the Battle of Lepanto in defence of Cyprus, and then, motivated by economic considerations, to betray their Catholic allies in signing a peace treaty with the Turks resulting in three-quarters of a century of détente. One of the most consequential events of the end of the medieval period was the fourth crusade (1202-1204), where crusaders were ferried by the Venetians to sack the city of Constantinople.[1] This sacking would cause the collapse of the Byzantine Empire into a series of […]